Meaning
The imperative form is a direct and forceful command used in emergencies, to cheer in sports, or in signs and instructions. It is considered very rude if used with superiors, elders, or unfamiliar people. Men use it more frequently than women, except when cheering for sports. Formation varies: Group 1 verbs change the final vowel to the 'e' row (読む→読め), Group 2 verbs change る to ろ (食べる→食べろ), and Group 3 verbs are irregular (する→しろ, 来る→来い).
Formation
| Part of speech | Formation |
|---|---|
| 1类动词 | 把动词辞书形的结尾假名换为其所属行的「え」段的假名。例：読む→読め、言う→言え |
| 2类动词 | 把动词辞书形的结尾假名「る」换成「ろ」。例：食べる→食べろ、見る→見ろ |
| 3类动词 | 不规则动词。来る→来い、する→しろ |
Examples
-
この川は 危ないから、注意しろ。
This river is dangerous, so be careful. -
がんばれ！がんばれ！
Go! Go! / Come on! (cheering expression) -
明日 暇だったら、うちへ 来いよ。
If you're free tomorrow, come to my place.
Summary
- Used for strong commands, emergencies, sports cheering, and signs
- Considered rude with superiors, elders, or unfamiliar people; used more by men
- Formation: Group 1 changes to 'e' row, Group 2 り→ろ, Group 3 irregular (する→しろ, 来る→来い)