GrammarN13 min read2026-02-17

〜いかんにかかわらず;〜いかんによらず;〜いかんをとわず

Indicates that the outcome remains unchanged regardless of how the condition varies. Formal written expression.

Meaning

This group of patterns expresses "regardless of how A changes, B is unaffected" — the state or content of A has no bearing on B. Used mainly in formal settings and written language.

The three variants are interchangeable:

  • いかんにかかわらず (regardless of)
  • いかんによらず (irrespective of)
  • いかんをとわず (without regard to)

Formation

Part of speechFormation
Noun(の)いかんにかかわらず
Noun(の)いかんによらず
Noun(の)いかんをとわず

Examples

  1. 試験会場内で携帯電話などを使用した場合には、理由のいかんにかかわらず失格になります。
    If you use a mobile phone in the exam venue, you will be disqualified regardless of the reason.

  2. セール品は理由のいかんによらず、返品はできませんのでご了承ください。
    Sale items cannot be returned regardless of the reason. Please understand.

  3. 日本語能力試験は、国籍のいかんを問わず受験することができます。
    The JLPT can be taken regardless of nationality.

Summary

  • All three variants have identical meaning: "regardless of..., the result does not change"
  • Attaches to nouns(の); 「の」 can be omitted
  • Formal written expression, commonly seen in regulations, notices, and official announcements

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