Meaning
When い-adjectives modify verbs, they must be converted to their adverbial form by changing the final い to く. This adverbial form then precedes the verb. The pattern is: Noun は い-adjective(く) + Verb. This is the standard way い-adjectives function as adverbs to describe how an action is performed.
Formation
| Part of speech | Formation |
|---|---|
| い形容词副词形 | い形容詞（…い→）く + 動詞 |
Examples
-
昨日 早く 寝ました。
I went to bed early yesterday. -
電車は 遅く 来ました。
The train arrived late. -
友達と 楽しく 旅行しました。
I traveled enjoyably with my friends.
Summary
- Change い-adjectives to adverbs by replacing い with く
- Adverbial form always comes directly before the verb
- Common adverbs: 早く (early), 遅く (late), 楽しく (happily), 美しく (beautifully)